Heracleum sphondylium Linnaeus 1753 (Family Apiaceae)


Plant

Leaf

Flower

Fruit

Colour Variant

Height: 50-150cm
Occasionally Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Biennial/Perennial, Lacks Persistent Seed Bank
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - August (Earliest: 1.5)

Protective Chemicals
Coumarins Osthol, Umbelliferone
Furanocoumarins Bergapten, Imperatorin, Isopimpinellin,
Methoxsalen, Pimpinellin, Sphondin
Phenolics Asarone, Methyl Isoeugenol
Acids Linoleic, Petroselinic
Polyacetylenes Cetyl Alcohol, Falcarindiol, Falcarinol, Octanol
Sterols Sitosterol

Biotopes:
Meadows

Hedge Rows
Flower Visitors:
Many Apidae

Most Argidae

Many Braconidae

Many Crabronidae

Many Figitidae

Gasteruptionidae

Many Ichneumonidae

Several Pompilidae

Several Pteromalidae

Many Tenthredinidae

Several Torymidae

Many Vespidae

Leucospis dorsigera

Tiphia minuta

Synacra holconota

Chrysis ignita

Monosapyga clavicornis

Brachyserphus parvulus

Myrmica rubra

Several Nymphalidae

Pieris napi

Callophrys rubi

Lycaena phlaeas

Several Erebidae

Many Geometridae

Several Noctuidae

Many Tortricidae

Gillmeria ochrodactyla

Stenoptilia aridus

Yponomeuta evonymella

Yponomeuta padella

Crambus lathoniellus

Crambus perlella

Mompha conturbatella

Nemophora degeerella

Anthophila fabriciana

Luquetia lobella

Adscita statices

Several Anthomyiidae

Several Calliphoridae

Several Chloropidae

Several Conopidae

Many Empididae

Several Fanniidae

Several Keroplatidae

Several Lauxaniidae

Many Muscidae

Several Mycetophilidae

Several Sarcophagidae

Several Scathophagidae

Several Scatopsidae

Several Sciaridae

Several Sepsidae

Many Syrphidae

Several Tabanidae

Many Tachinidae

Several Tipulidae

Suillia fuscicornis

Suillia gigantea

Bibio johannis

Dilophus febrilis

Chloromyia formosa

Microchrysa polita

Palloptera umbellatarum

Temnosira saltuum

Seioptera vibrans

Physiphora alceae

Dolichopus ungulatus

Hercostomus gracilis

Coenomyia ferruginea

Paraclusia tigrina

Rhagio vitripennis

Phora stictica

Macrolabis heraclei

Ochlerotatus geniculatus

Setisquamalonchaea fumosa

Camilla glabra

Drosophila suzukii

Serromyia atra

Opomyza florum

Many Cantharidae

Many Cerambycidae

Several Chrysomelidae

Many Elateridae

Several Mordellidae

Several Nitidulidae

Most Oedemeridae

Several Rutelidae

Several Scraptiidae

Oxythyrea funesta

Trichius fasciatus

Byturus ochraceus

Byturus tomentosus

Anthomalachius strangulatus

Malachius bipustulatus

Otiorhynchus ovatus

Polydrusus cervinus

Dasytes niger

Pyrochroa coccinea

Propylea quatuordecimpunctata

Lagria hirta

Philonthus politus

Antherophagus pallens

Sphaeridium lunatum

Anatis ocellata

Anthrenus verbasci

Harmonia axyridis

Trichodes apiarius

Many Miridae

Coreus marginatus

Dolycoris baccarum

Ecclisopteryx guttulata

Limnephilus sparsus

Panorpa communis

Panorpa vulgaris

Chrysoperla carnea

Nothochrysa capitata
Parasites:
Parsnip Yellow Fleck sequivirus

Phloeospora heraclei

Ramularia heraclei

Erysiphe heraclei

Protomyces macrosporus

Epermenia chaerophyllella

Cnephasia incertana

Several Agromyzidae

Cheilosia illustrata Larva (Root & Stem Borer)

Cheilosia pagana Larva (Root & Stem Borer)

Temnosira saltuum Larva (Stem Borer)

Macrolabis heraclei Larva (Leaf Gall)

Several Cerambycidae Larvae (Stem Borers)

Otiorhynchus coecus Larva
Herbivores:
Papilio machaon

Several Tortricidae

Autographa pulchrina

Helicoverpa armigera

Agonopterix ciliella

Agonopterix heracliana Larva

Udea lutealis Larva

Eupithecia vulgata Larva

Several Tenthredinidae Larvae

Liophloeus tessulatus

Liparus germanus

Chrysolina oricalcia
Sapivores:
Several Aphididae

Several Pentatomidae

Orthops campestris

Eupteryx aurata
Florivores:
Eupithecia subumbrata Larva

Eupithecia tripunctaria

Depressaria radiella

Sitochroa palealis Larva

Tettigonia viridissima
Granivores:
Pammene aurana Larva

Sitochroa palealis Larva

Orthops basalis
Decomposers:
Ascochyta grovei

Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora: Hogweed


Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2013 J.K. Lindsey

Caution

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