![]() Plant |
![]() Leaf |
![]() Flower |
![]() Fruit |
Height: 20-70cm
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Perennial, Rhizomatous, Lacks Persistent Seed Bank
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - August
(Earliest: 12.7)
Protective Chemicals | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flavonoids | Astragalin, Icariside, Isovitexin | ||||
Other Phenolics | Methyl Gallate |
Biotopes: |
![]() Spruce Forest Edge | |||
Seed Dispersal: | Hitch-hiking | |||
Parasites: |
![]() Ramularia caduca | |||
Herbivores: |
![]() Deilephila elpenor |
![]() Ecliptopera silaceata Larva |
![]() Several Tenthredinidae |
![]() Several Chrysomelidae |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Enchanter's Nightshade
Pictures © 2003, 2007 J.K. Lindsey
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