The Ecology of Commanster
Ecological Relationships Among More Than 3900 Species
Commanster: A Small Village in the Belgian High Ardennes
Latitude: 50° 15' 20" N
Longitude: 5° 59' 58" E
Altitude: 490-590m, between the Meuse and Rhine River Basins
Average Temperature: 0°C (Winter), 15°C (Summer)
Average Annual Precipitation: 1400mm
Population: 60 Inhabitants
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Pictures provide links showing ecological relationships.
CLICK ON THE PHOTOS!
(Except landscapes like those below, and a species on its homepage)
Important Caveat
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Activity Zones
Maps and Some History
Village
Farmland
Le Grand Bois
Natagora Reserves
Biotopes
Forest
Alder-Birch-Willow (Wet)
Beech
Spruce
Hedge Rows
Meadows
Wet Meadows
Heath and Moorland
Peat Bogs and Fens
Streams
Ponds
Buildings
Species Richness of Biotopes:
| Biotope |
% of all Species |
Biotope |
% of all Species |
| Wet Forest |
11% |
Heaths, Moors |
5% |
| Beech Forest |
17% |
Bogs, Fens |
4% |
| Spruce Forest |
26% |
Streams |
2% |
| Hedge Rows |
39% |
Ponds |
6% |
| Meadows |
24% |
Buildings |
2% |
| Wet Meadows |
9% |
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Microhabitats
Dung
Dead Animals
Plant Litter
Fungi
Dead Wood
Temporary Pools
Bare Ground
Stones, Concrete
Environmental Threats
Habitat Destruction
Exotic Species
Pollution
Seven Proposals
Species Lists with Translations
Animals (Kingdom Animalia)
Vertebrates (Phylum Chordata)
Mammals (Class Mammalia)
Birds (Class Aves)
Reptiles (Class Reptilia)
Amphibians (Class Amphibia)
Invertebrates
Phylum Arthropoda
Insects (Class Insecta)
Beetles (Order Coleoptera)
Flies (Order Diptera)
Aphids, Bugs, and Hoppers (Order Hemiptera)
Ants, Bees, Sawflies, and Wasps
(Order Hymenoptera)
Butterflies
and Moths (Order Lepidoptera)
Dragonflies (Order Odonata)
Crickets and Grasshoppers (Order Orthoptera)
Caddisflies (Order Trichoptera)
Earwigs, Cockroaches, Mayflies, Scorpionflies, Alderflies, Lacewings, Stoneflies, Barklice, Snakeflies, and Silverfish
(Orders Dermaptera, Dictyoptera, Ephemeroptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Plecoptera, Psocoptera, Raphidioptera, Zygentoma)
Springtails (Class Entognatha)
Arachnids (Class Arachnida)
Spiders and Harvestmen (Orders Araneae, Opiliones)
Mites and Ticks (Orders Ixodida, Mesostigmata, Oribatida, Prostigmata)
Centipedes, Millipedes, and Woodlices
(Classes Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Malacostraca)
Phyllum Annelida Leeches and Worms (Classes Hirudinea, Oligochaeta)
Phyllum Mollusca
Snails and Slugs (Class Gastropoda)
Kingdom Fungi
Phyllum Basidiomycota
Agaricales
Boletales
Polyporales
Russulales
Other Basidiomycota
Phylla Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota
Lichens
Kingdoms Protozoa and Straminipila
Slime and Water Moulds
Viruses
Plants (Kingdom Plantae)
Algae
Phyla Bryophyta and Marchantiophyta
Mosses and Liverworts
Phyla Lycophyta and Lycophyta
Clubmosses, Ferns, Horsetails
Phylum Magnoliophyta
Trees and Bushes
Herbaceous Plants
Grasses
Rushes, Sedges, and Reeds
Calendar
Birds
Daily Observations
Residents Singing
Migrant Arrivals
Spring Passage
Autumn Passage
Migrant Departures
Insects
Beetle Adults,
Larvae
Fly Adults,
Larvae
Aphid, Bug, and Hopper Adults, Nymphs
Ant, Bee, Sawfly, and Wasp Adults,
Larvae
Butterfly Adults, Larvae
and Moth Adults, Larvae
Dragonflies
Grasshopper and Cricket Adults, Nymphs
Caddisfly Adults, Larvae
Miscellaneous Insects Adults, Young
Arachnids
Spiders and Harvestmen
Mites and Ticks
Mushrooms
Agaricales
Boletales
Polyporales
Russulales
Other Basidiomycota
Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota
Slime and Water Moulds
Plants
Trees and Bushes
Herbaceous Plants
Grasses
Rushes, Sedges, and Reeds
Animal Tales
Balades à Commanster
Weather Records
My Reference Library
Identification
Ecology
Genetics and Evolution
Biodiversity and Conservation
Links
Equipment
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Seasons
Spring
Mammals
Birds
Migrants
Arriving Nesters
January-March,
April-June
Residents
Insects
Beetles
March,
April,
May,
June
Flies
March,
April,
May,
June
Aphids, Bugs, and Hoppers
March - April,
May,
June
Ants, Bees, Sawflies, and Wasps
March,
April,
May,
June
Butterflies
March - April,
May,
June
Moths
March - April,
May,
June
Dragonflies
Grasshoppers and Crickets
Caddisflies
Miscellaneous Insects
April,
May - June
Arachnids
Spiders and Harvestmen
March - April,
May,
June
Mites and Ticks
April,
May - June
Tracks
Mammals
Birds
Mushrooms
Agaricales
April,
May,
June
Boletales
Polyporales
Russulales
Other Basidiomycota
Ascomycota and Zygomycota
March - April,
May - June
Slime and Water Moulds
Plants
Trees and Bushes
April,
May - June
Flowers
March - April,
May,
June
Grasses
April - May,
June
Rushes and Sedges
Summer
Mammals
Birds
Nests
Young
Residents
Migrants
Insects
Beetles
June,
July,
August,
September
Flies
June,
July,
August,
September
Aphids, Bugs, and Hoppers
June,
July,
August,
September
Bees, Sawflies, and Wasps
June,
July,
August,
September
Butterflies
Moths
June,
July,
August - September
Dragonflies
Grasshoppers and Crickets
Caddisflies
Miscellaneous Insects
Arachnids
Spiders and Harvestmen
Mites and Ticks
Mushrooms
Agaricales
June,
July,
August,
September
Boletales
June - July,
August - September
Polyporales
June - July,
August,
September
Russulales
June,
July,
August,
September
Other Basidiomycota
June - July,
August,
September
Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota
June - July,
August,
September
Slime and Water Moulds
Plants
Trees and Shrubs
Flowers
June,
July,
August
Grasses
Rushes
Autumn
Mammals
Birds
Migrants
Departures
Residents
Insects
Beetles
Flies
September - October,
November - December
Bugs
Bees
September,
October - November
Moths
Caddisflies
Miscellaneous Insects
Spiders and Harvestmen
Mushrooms
Agaricales
September,
October,
November-December
Boletales
Polyporales
Russulales
Other Basidiomycota
September-October,
November-December
Ascomycota and Zygomycota
Slime Moulds
Winter
Mammals
Birds
Visitors
Residents
Insects
Beetles
February,
March
Flies
December - January,
February,
March
Bugs
Bees and SawFlies
Butterflies
and Moths
Archnids
Spiders
February,
March
Mites and Ticks
Tracks
Mammals
Birds
Mushrooms
Agaricales
Polyporales
Russulales
Other Basidiomycota
Ascomycota
Plants
Trees
Flowers
Slime Moulds
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For corrections, my thanks go to
M. Ackland, I. Altmann, I. Andrew, A.V. Antropov, E. Apol, M. Argent,
G. Barnikel, V. Belov, T. Brelstaff, N. Brand, F. Broekhuis, B. Büche, D. Burckhardt,
T. Cannon, J. Carr, E. Charles, D. Cheng, B. Clesse, J. Coldwell, M.R. Cruveillier,
T. de Graaf, N.J. Dek, M. Deketele, G. Dessi, C. Devillers, J. D'Haeseleer, P. Dioli, C. Duke,
P. Domé, H. Dumas, C. Dussaix, M. Dybczak,
W. Ellis, H. Endt, B. Eversham, G. Eyssartier,
H.J. Falkenhahn, C. Farmer, T. R. Fasulo, T. Feuerer, C. Fischer, J. Fischer, R.Fisher, R. Flogaus-Faust, C. Fontaine, C. Fransen, J. Freund, L. Friman,
I. Gibson, J. Glime, A. Gminder, P. Goffart, A. Grabolle, J. Gruber,
M. Hamacher, K. Harris, M. Harvey, H. Hatlen, S. Heckscher, M.A. Hielkema, B. Higler, J. Hilszczanski, A. Hochkirch, Z. Hromádko, J. Hutchinson,
F. Jabot, M. Jacobs, E. Jansen, L. Janssen, F. Janssens,
J. Kahanpää, S. Kehl, F. Köhler, M. Kozlowski, J. Kramer, A. Kruithof, A. Kunze,
K. Lambeets, R. Lancaster, R. Labbé, F. Le Gall, A. Lompe
J. Maca, I. MacGowan, M. Manas, S. Manktelow, P. Mars, T. Meijer,
J. Mergeay, D. Mitchell, M. Mitchell, P.G. Moniotte, J.P. Moutschen,
R. Nash, B. Nau, P. Nedelev, O. Nedved,
S. Obenauer,
A. Peeters, J. Peters, L. Petrini, B. Pettersson, K. Pfeiffer, C. Pilon,
M. Pollet, G. Pozsgai, D. Prlia,
S. Rae, C. Raper, J.F. Rasmussen, S.A. Redhead, K. Reißmann, J.L. Renneson, V. Ricceri,
T. Rickfelder, A. Rockefeller, B. Rulik,
J. Salokannel, G. San Martin, C. Schmid-Egger, L. Schott, K. Shevtsova,
J. Skartveit, F. Solazzi, P. Spaans, T. Spaans, N.J. Stapper, M. Storey,
A. Taeger, S. Tapani, D. Tate, C. Thirion, K. Tomkovich, P. Trzcinski,
J.Valemberg, R. van den Broek, J.A. van Erkelens, K. Van Keer, J. van Rooy,
H. Vanuytven, J.W. van Zuijlen, N.J. Vereecken, F. Vitali,
C.L. Wagner, P. Wahlens, G. Weber, E. Weme, M. Wilcox, J. Willem,
T. Whitworth, K. Windmolders, J. Winkelman, T. Wojas, R. Wood, A.J. Woznica, J.J. Wuilbaut.
All remaining errors are my responsibility.
Please send further corrections, comments, and suggestions to
jlindsey@maastrichtuniversity.nl
An
Estonian translation of this page.
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