Plant 
Flower |
Leaf 
Fruit |
|
Plant
Flower |
Leaf
Fruit |
Height: 20-75cm
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Perennial, Stoloniferous
Hermaphrodite, Flowering July - September
(Earliest: 1.6)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alkaloids | Stachydrine | ||||
| Iridoids | Acetylharpagide, Harpagide, Harpagoside | ||||
| Monoterpenoids | Linalool, Ocimene, Phellandrene, Terpinene | ||||
| Sesquiterpenoids | Cadinene, Cadinol, Caryophyllene | ||||
| Diterpenoids | Betonicolide, Betonicoside | ||||
| Flavonoids | Hyperoside | ||||
| Other Phenolics | Acetoside, Betonyoside, Campneoside,
Forsythoside, Leucosceptoside, Tannins | ||||
| Ketones | Pinocamphone | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Meadows |
Heath and Moorland | ||
| Parasites: |
Neoerysiphe galeopsidis |
Septoria stachydis |
Amauromyza labiatarum |
Liriomyza strigata |
Apteropeda orbiculata Larva (Leaf Miner) | ||||
| Herbivores: |
Pachyprotasis rapae Larva | |||
| Possible Herbivores: |
Several Crambidae |
Several Tortricidae |
Tenthredo mesomela Larva | |
| Possible Sapivores: |
Calocoris alpestris |
Lygus pratensis |
Tingis pilosa |
Evacanthus acuminatus |
| Florivores: |
Eupithecia subfuscata |
Lamiogethes pedicularius Larva | ||
| Possible Granivores: |
Grypocoris sexguttatus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Betony
Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
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