Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 25-50cm
Occasionally Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Perennial, Persistent Seed Bank
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - September
(Earliest: 6.6)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monoterpenoids | Ocimene, Pinene, Terpineol | ||||
| Sesquiterpenoids | Cadinene, Caryophyllene, Farnesene, Muurolene | ||||
| Flavonoids | Hyperoside | ||||
| Other Phenolics | Tannins | ||||
| Quinonoids | Hyperforin, Hypericin | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Hedge Rows |
Wet Meadows | ||
| Pollination: | Autopollination | |||
| Flower Visitors: |
Bombus lucorum |
Bombus pascuorum |
Aphantopus hyperantus |
Many Syrphidae |
| Parasites: |
Sphaerulina hyperici |
Erysiphe hyperici |
Ectoedemia septembrella | |
| Herbivores: |
Several Geometridae |
Several Tortricidae |
Euclidia mi Larva |
Tenthredo amoena Larva |
Tenthredo balteata |
Chrysolina brunsvicensis |
Chrysolina varians | ||
| Possible Herbivores: |
Archips xylosteana Larva |
Cnephasia longana Larva |
Alcis repandata Larva |
Pachyprotasis antennata Larva |
Pachyprotasis rapae Larva | ||||
| Possible Sapivores: |
Lygus wagneri |
Macrosiphum euphorbiae | ||
| Florivores: |
Eupithecia satyrata | |||
| Possible Florivores: |
Cryptocephalus hypochaeridis | |||
| Possible Granivores: |
Rhopalus parumpunctatus |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Pictures © 2003, 2005, 2007 J.K. Lindsey
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