Tree

Bark	Leaves
Male Flowers	Female Flowers

Fruit

Height: <60 m
Ectomycorrhizal
Monoecious, Flowering April - May (Earliest: 6.5)
Origin: Western North America

Habitat:	Spruce Forest
Mycorrhizae:	Cantharellus cibarius	Hydnum repandum	Thelephora terrestris	Several Amanita
	Hebeloma crustuliniforme	Most Hydnangiaceae	Lycoperdon perlatum	Tricholoma virgatum
	Several Boletaceae	Paxillus involutus	Gomphidius glutinosus	Scleroderma citrinum
	Several Russulaceae
Lichens:	Cladonia coniocraea	Hypogymnia physodes	Lepraria incana
Mosses:	Orthotrichum lyellii
Parasites:	Heterobasidion annosum	Phaeolus schweinitzii	Sparassis crispa	Armillaria ostoyae
	Pityogenes chalcographus (Wood Borer)
Herbivores:	Several Geometridae	Lymantria monacha Larva	Polydrusus impar
Nests: (Branches)	Ciconia nigra

Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007 J.K. Lindsey

Caution

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