Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 40-100cm
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Perennial, Rhizomatous, Stoloniferous
Hermaphrodite, Flowering June - September
(Earliest: 25.6)
| Habitat: |
Meadows |
Hedge Rows |
Around Buildings | |
| Pollination: |
Many Apidae |
Several Vespidae |
Phygadeuon fumator |
Several Nymphalidae |
Thymelicus sylvestris |
Lycaena phlaeas |
Eilema depressa |
Cerapteryx graminis | |
Yponomeuta padella |
Several Conopidae |
Many Syrphidae |
Sarcophaga carnaria | |
Helina reversio |
Eriothrix rufomaculatus |
Dilophus febrilis |
Panorpa vulgaris | |
| Seed Dispersal: | Wind | |||
| Parasites: |
Ramularia cirsii |
Aethes cnicana Larva (Seeds & Stem Borer) |
Scrobipalpa acuminatella Larva (Leaf Miner) |
Several Tephritidae Larvae (Flower & Stem Galls) |
Phytomyza spinaciae |
Agapanthia villosoviridescens Larva (Stem Borer) |
Lixus pulverulentus Larva (Stem Borer) | ||
| Herbivores: |
Vanessa cardui |
Autographa gamma Larva |
Coleophora trochilella Larva |
Epiblema scutulana Larva |
Lobesia abscisana Larva |
Sitochroa verticalis Larva |
Anania perlucidalis Larva |
Stictopleurus punctatonervosus | |
Cassida rubiginosa |
Lixus pulverulentus |
Oulema melanopus |
Forficula auricularia | |
Helicidae | ||||
| Sapivores: |
Aphis fabae |
Uroleucon jaceae |
Philaenus spumarius |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Skye Flora:
Creeping Thistle
Pictures © 2003, 2004, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
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